, as well as the reagents used during cleaning and maintenance operations. The main types of effluent associated with energy production are listed in the table below (Table 68). Table 68. The main ... Industrial effluent treatment ... Industrial...

Filtration Industrial effluent treatment Automative and mechanical industry ... Industrial...

Odours present in process wastewaters vary substantially depending on the type of industry or manufacturing facility. Odour pollution is mainly addressed with pre-treatment that may, if necessary ... Sludge treatment ... Industrial effluent treatment Odour Control ... Industrial...

treatments that take place after a general wash ­(table 49, below). Table 49. Starch industries: raw material treatment processes Effluent characteristics: high amount of easily biodegradable ... Industrial effluent treatment Agri-food industry ... Industrial ... agri-food industries ...

country to country. Effluent can be discharged direct into the natural environment or into urban sewers and routed to biological treatment plant; this effluent must not affect the operation ... Industrial effluent treatment ... Industrial...

requiring specific pre-treatment; process water not requiring specific pre-treatment. This segregation allows for the inclusion of storage or equalisation or effluent safety tanks: storm ... Industrial effluent treatment ... Industrial...

Flottation Filtration Adsorption Ultrafor Microfiltration Nanofiltration Industrial effluent treatment Chemical industries Settling Flotation Oxidation Reverse Osmosis Ion exchange Aerobic Anaerobic ... Industrial ... internal treatments or specific pre-treatments...

At present, phosphation is carried out with four compounds, Mg, Fe, Zn and PO4. TThe treatments applied to the various rinses are conventional (neutralisation, coagulation, sedimentation) and can ... Industrial effluent treatment Automative and mechanical industry ... Industrial...

The following must be taken into account when determining the proper biological treatment: the effluent’s biodegradability (COD/BOD ratio, beware when this ratio exceeds 3); concentration ... Biofor Cyclor Meteor Ultrafor Industrial effluent treatment Biological processes Methane fermentation Activated sludge ... Industrial ... biological treatment...

produced from wastewater biological treatment and where the volatile matter content can reach 90% of total dry solids content (agri-food and organic chemical industry wastewater for instance). mineral ... Waste water Sludge treatment ... Industrial effluent treatment Sludge treatment ... Industrial...

of textile industry effluents; removing specific compounds, e.g. pesticides, fungicides, metals, metalloids, AOX, detergents, soluble HC, nitrate and sulfonate derivatives, various anions ... Industrial effluent treatment Tertiary treatment Phosphate removal Evaporation-crystallisation ... Industrial ... tertiary treatment...

is blown down to the effluent treatment system; the gas is scrubbed using a CaCO3 or Ca(OH)2 slurry maintained at a pH of approximately 4, part of which is blown down to the wastewater treatment system ... Waste water Sludge treatment ... Densadeg Biofor Industrial effluent treatment ... Industrial ... treating effluent produced when removing sulfur from electricity generating plant ...

on the discharge regulations, the available approaches being those described in tertiary treatment; thickening, dewatering; drying and/or incineration. Given that chemical industry sludges ... Waste water Sludge treatment ... Biolysis Industrial effluent treatment Chemical industries Sludge treatment Tertiary treatment ... Industrial ... final treatment plant...

effluent by creating new "dry" processes; this method can be contemplated, for instance in surface treatment applications: replacing chromeplating with hot ionic nitriding; replacing cadmium ... Industrial effluent treatment ... Industrial...

in the pulp and paper industry are the amongst the most dangerous types of industrial wastewater in regards to their quality and composition. In a modern plant four types of effluent can be discerned ... Industrial effluent treatment Pulp and paper industry ... Industrial ... paper mills and the paper pulp industries...

Agri-food industry sludge is usually highly fermentable and simple precautions have to be taken to avoid the development of odours (avoiding dead spots, aerating buffer tanks, limiting sludge ... Waste water Sludge treatment ... Industrial effluent treatment Agri-food industry Odour Control ... Industrial...

In general, the overall design of treatment lines (water and sludge) must be integrally optimised. This frequently requires sludge production to be minimised, given that treating and removing ... Sludge treatment ... Biolysis Ultrafor Industrial effluent treatment Sludge treatment Oxidation Methane fermentation Anaerobic ... Industrial ... sludge treatment...

, generally requiring a two-stage high-load + low-load treatment; whether nitrogen removal is required (often an important factor); requirement for phosphate removal (typical of dairy and meat industries ... Ultrafor Biofor Industrial effluent treatment Agri-food industry Biological processes Phosphate removal Methane fermentation Activated sludge Anaerobic Meteor ... Industrial ... biological treatment...

process oxidation) and adsorption (activated carbon, resins) techniques, see fundamental physical-chemical engineering processes applicable to water treatment, oxidation and reduction and neutralisation ... Ultrafor Industrial effluent treatment Methane fermentation Oxidation GAC ... Industrial ... specific pre-treatment...

As discussed previously (see industrial water), the agri-food industry is a substantial water consumer (e.g. from 1 to 5 L of effluent per litre of beer, milk, carbonated drink, wine type beverage ... Industrial effluent treatment Agri-food industry ... Industrial...