operating principle : Coagulation-flocculation: Addition of a coagulant and passage of the water through a double coagulation compartment, followed by a hydraulic flocculation chamber ... Desalination Potable water ... Aquadaf Drinking water Surface water Flotation Phosphorous removal Filters Coagulation-flocculation ... • Aquadaf technology • Surface water ...

The Aquadaf™ is a high-speed dissolved air flotation system particularly suited to the clarification of surface water generally of low-turbidity and subject to seasonal variations. Dissolved air ... Potable water ... Clarification Aquadaf Drinking water Flotation Flocculation ... Very low water loss Simplicity of Operation & Maintenance: Instant start-up and shutdown without special precautions, visibility of treatment steps , few mechanical components Optimization...

Potable water ... Clarification Pulsator Drinking water Settling Flocculation Pulsatube ... Environmental friendly: Very low or even zero polymer dosage, minimal energy consumption Flexibility: Very adaptable to raw water quality and flow variations, can operate without pulsing...

The Gyrazur™ is a water upflow equipment. It allows water carbonate removal (reduction of its hardness) by chemical precipitation in a reactor containing calcium carbonate in pellets or grains. Also ... Potable water ... Gyrazur Drinking water Settling Carbonate removal Lime...

water quality. This requires a veritable audit of the plant together with, if necessary, treatability trials, or even pilot trials used to check the impact made on the downstream system ... Potable water ... Remineralisation Filtration Drinking water Settling tanks Screening...

definition Disinfection is the final stage in drinking water treatment before its distribution. Disinfection is used to remove pathogenic micro-organisms from the water. However, it should be noted ... Potable water ... Ozone Drinking water Surface water Disinfection Chlorine Ultraviolet disinfection...

Some groundwater, for instance, may only pose problems concerning OM removal. This type of problem can also predominate in surface water. The applicable treatment may vary widely depending ... Potable water ... Clarification Drinking water Oxidation GAC Micropollutants PAC...

reported, this risk has, nevertheless, been suspected. Water produced must comply with the legislation applicable in each country. Treatments applied will depend on the contaminants occurring: coagulation ... Potable water Waste water ... Filtration Drinking water Reverse Osmosis GAC Coagulation-flocculation Ion exchange...

by burning gas (submerged burners); however, the impurities generated by incomplete combustion and/or the original fuel, means that it cannot be used for drinking water production. When used in sea water ... Potable water ... Remineralisation Drinking water Oxidation Carbonate balance Lime...

is only really capable of eliminating radon. Tritium (quality reference: 100 Bq · L–1) cannot be removed by any of the conventional water treatments. However, these levels rarely occur in natural water. ... Potable water ... Filtration Drinking water Coagulation-flocculation Carbonate removal Membrane separation GAC...

The steps taken to ensure the compliance of certain water quality parameters are reviewed below. THM Replacement of pre-chlorination with pre-ozonation (e.g. Limoges, Metz, Mont Valérien, Orly ... Potable water ... Preozonation Pulsator Cristal Denitratation Nitrification Drinking water Denitrification Carbonate removal GAC PAC ... coming into line with new water quality standards...

the Rhine) or between clarification and polishing (e.g. Croissy-sur-Seine, France). This system will tend to be applied generally when re-using urban wastewater to produce drinking water because ... Potable water ... CAG Pulsator Aquazur Nitrazur Ozonation Drinking water Surface water Iron removal Chlorination...

nature of the sludge Sludge produced from the treatment of raw water to render it potable comes from the extractions or blowdowns undertaken during sedimentation (or flotation), when this exists ... Potable water ... Densadeg Drinking water Surface water Sludge treatment Sludge thickening Flotation Pulsatube Aquazur PAC...

” in terms of drinking water production. Historically, these treatment processes were used for low mineralization water that is extremely heavily coloured. E.g; Eupen and La gileppe 110 000 m3/f in Beligum ... Potable water ... Nanofiltration Cristal Drinking water Surface water Membranes Sand filtration Ultrafiltration PAC...

), silicates, sulphides, etc. In natural water, manganese will usually be present in the soluble ionised form, Mn2+, and sometimes as MnOH+ (very basic pH). It can form compounds with the bicarbonates ... Potable water ... Ozone Mangazur Drinking water Manganese removal Oxidation Chlorine Iron removal...

frequently used to produce drinking water from contaminated surface water, a stage where the carbon is biologically degraded through activated carbon filters is often included; with this step usually following ... Potable water ... Clarification Adsorption Pulsator Superpulsator Densadeg Drinking water Surface water Polishing Micropollutants Oxidation Carbazur Sand filtration GAC...

the natural states of iron Iron is usually found in its ferric and precipitated form in surface water, often in combination with suspended solids; it will then be eliminated during ... Potable water ... Clarification Filtration Ferazur Drinking water Iron removal Carbonate removal Oxidation...

The following applies not only to water in a state of eutrophication where these problems tend to dominate, but also, to a greater or lesser extent, to all surface waters where, at the very least ... Potable water ... Superpulsator Filtration Cristal Densadeg Ozone Drinking water Surface water Algae Flotation Settling GAC PAC...

general Up until the year 2000, the European standard for drinking water was 50 µg · L–1 of As, a target that was within the reach of clarification or carbonate removal treatment in most cases ... Potable water ... Filtration Drinking water Coagulation-flocculation Carbonate removal Iron removal GAC PAC...

: replacing the filtering medium (e.g. Grafham, Great Britain); replacing the wash system, installing nozzle floors (conventional or Azurfloor) for an air + water wash (e.g. San Martin in Buenos Aires ... Potable water ... Remineralisation Pulsator Filtration Drinking water Coagulation-flocculation Settling Pulsatube Flotation GAC...